Introduction: Administering medication is a key responsibility of nurses, necessitating proper training for the safe handling of high-alert drugs that can cause significant harm if misprescribed.
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of training in root cause analysis of errors related to high-risk medications on the performance of emergency nurses, employing multimedia and role-playing methods.
Materials and Methods: This semi-experimental comparative study involved 75 nurses from selected Aja hospitals' emergency departments in Tehran during 2023-2024. Participants were randomly assigned to three groups: multimedia, role-playing, and control, based on inclusion criteria. Data were collected using a valid and reliable researcher-made questionnaire before and two weeks after the intervention, and analyzed with SPSS version 21. The significance level was set at less than 5%.
Results: There was no significant difference in average performance scores between the test and control groups before the  intervention (P<0.05). After training, the role-playing and multimedia groups showed significant improvements in performance scores (P<0.05), while the control group did not show a significant difference (P=0.039).
Conclusion: Training in error root analysis through multimedia methods and role-playing can help emergency nurses prevent medication errors when using high-risk drugs.