---

Introduction: Wives of veterans, due to close relationship and taking care of them, are identified as secondary or hidden victims of trauma. This indirect exposure to a stressful event brings psychological consequences for them.
Objective: The current study aimed at determining the relationship and predicting role of sleep quality and sexual self-esteem in secondary post-traumatic stress disorder among wives of veterans.
Material and Methods: The present descriptive-analytical study was performed on 152 wives of veterans with secondary post-traumatic stress disorder in Kermanshah Province, Iran in 2019. The subjects were selected by purposive sampling method. To collect data, the Pittsburgh sleep inventory, sexual self-esteem index for woman-short form (validation by Farokhi & Shareh), and secondary trauma questionnaire (STQ) were used. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 25 using Pearson correlation coefficient and simple linear regression.
Results: According to the findings, the mean ± standard deviation scores of sleep quality, sexual self-esteem, and secondary traumatic stress disorder were 13.00±3.88, 59.11±11.88, and 63.43±10.53, respectively. The results indicated a positive and significant relationship between low sleep quality and secondary traumatic stress (r= 0.345, P<0.01). In addition, there was a significant and negative correlation between sexual self-esteem and secondary traumatic stress (r = -0.298, P<0.01). The results of regression analysis showed that 32% of changes in secondary traumatic disorder can be explained by sleep quality and sexual self-esteem.
Discussion and Conclusion: Given the important role of sleep quality and sexual self-esteem in the predicting secondary traumatic stress disorder, it is suggested to consider the role of these factors in intervention programs for secondary traumatic stress disorder.

---

Introduction: Since the World Health Organization has introduced mental health something beyond the mere absence of mental illness, Researches increasingly focus on positive personality traits and individuals’ internal resources in the coping of psychological distress.
Objective: The present study was aimed to investigate the role of self-compassion
and ego strength on secondary post-traumatic stress disorder in wives of the war
veterans.
Materials and Methods: In this descriptive correlational study, our final sample consisted of 152 participants, who were the wives of war veterans with secondary post-traumatic stress disorder in Kermanshah province in 2019. The subjects were selected by purposive sampling method. To collect the data Reis et al.’s Self-Compassion Scale, psychological ego strength scale and Secondary Trauma Questionnaire (STQ) were used. Data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation coefficient and simple linear Regression by SPSS 25.
Results: The results indicated that the mean score for variables was: secondary post-traumatic stress (63.43±10.55), Self-compassion (20.91±7.15) and ego strength (60.07 ± 10.69). Moreover, Both Self-compassion (r=-0.416, P<0.05) and ego strength (r=-0.278) had negative significant correlation with secondary posttraumatic stress disorder. Based on regression analysis, Self-compassion (β=-0.37) and ego strength (β=-0.20) were the negative significant predictors of secondary post-traumatic stress.
Discussion and Conclusion: Based on the findings of this research, reducing the level of positive personality traits, such as the self-compassion and ego strength as a source of coping in the secondary victims of trauma, the risk of their Psychopathology increases. It is suggested that the role of these factors in treating trauma and stressrelated disorders be considered.