fa مقایسه تطبیقی نظام آموزشی دوره دکترای تخصصی پرستاری در ایران و دانشکده پرستاری آلبرتا تخصصي Special پژوهشي Research <strong><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مقدمه:</span></span></strong> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">برای انطباق با سیستم مراقبت بهداشتی که به سرعت در حال تغییر است، نیاز به آماده کردن برنامه درسی پرستاری با کیفیت بالا است. </span></span><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مقایسه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نظام‌های</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مختلف</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">آموزشی، </span></span><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">یکی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">از</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">روش‌های</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ارزیابی است که</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">باعث</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ارتقای</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">محتوی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">کیفیت</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">برنامه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">آموزشی می‌شود. </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"></span></span></span><br> <strong><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">هدف:</span></span></strong> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">این مطالعه با هدف مقایسه تطبیقی نظام آموزشی دوره دکترای رشته پرستاری در ایران و </span></span><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">آلبرتا</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و ارائه پیشنهادات عملی جهت بهبود کیفیت آن انجام شده است.</span></span><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"></span></span><br> <strong><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مواد و روش &shy;ها:</span></span></strong> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">این</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مطالعه به روش</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">توصیفی-تطبیقی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">در</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">سا</span></span><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ل 1397</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">انجام</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">شد.</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">از</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">الگوی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">چهار</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مرحله بردی (</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">Beredy</span></span></span><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">) توصیف،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">تفسیر،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">هم‌جواری</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مقایسه،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">جهت مقایسه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نظام</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">آموزش</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">پرستاری</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ایران</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">با</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">دانشکده</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">پرستاری</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">آلبرتا</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">کانادا در مقطع</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">دکتری</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">استفاده شد. جستجوی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">اینترنتی، </span></span><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">با</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">استفاده</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">از</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">داده</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">پایگاه‌های</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">فارسی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">انگلیسی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">صورت</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">پذیرفت</span></span><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">. </span></span><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">سپس،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">داده‌های</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مورد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نظر</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بر</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">اساس</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">هدف</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">پژوهش،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">طبقه بندی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مورد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مقایسه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">قرار</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">گرفت</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">.</span></span></span><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"></span></span><br> <strong><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">یافته &shy;ها:</span></span></strong>&nbsp;بر<span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نامه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">هر</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">دو</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">دانشگاه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بر</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">اساس</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">اصول</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">برنامه‌ریزی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">استراتژیک</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">دارای</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">رسالت،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">چشم</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">انداز</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ارزش&shy;ها</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">است. </span></span><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">در</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">دانشگاه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">آلبرتا</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ارتباط</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مناسب</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بین</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">طرح</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">درس</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">با</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نیازها</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مشکلات</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">جامعه است. برنامه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">درسی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">دوره</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">دکتری</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">پرستاری</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ایران</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">در</span></span><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">قسمت&shy;هایی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مانند</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مشخصات</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ساختار</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">دوره</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نقاط</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">مشترکی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">با</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">برنامه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">درسی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">دوره</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">دکتری</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">پرستاری</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">دانشگاه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">آلبرتا</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">دارد</span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">.</span></span></span><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> همچنین&nbsp; مقایسه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نشان</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">داد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">که</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">در </span></span><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">نحوه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">پذیرش</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">دانشجو</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">در</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">دانشگاه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">آلبرتا</span></span><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">&nbsp;(Alberta)درخواست افراد دارای مدرک کارشناسی ارشد پرستاری و مدرک آمار و روش تحقیق و برای افراد غیر کانادایی مدرک زبان و سابقه بالین، برای دوره دکترای بررسی می&shy;شود.</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">اما</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">در</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">ایران</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">پذیرش</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">دانشجو</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">منوط</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">به داشتن مدرک کارشناسی ارشد</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">می &shy;باشد. </span></span><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"></span></span><br> <strong><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بحث و نتیجه‌گیری:</span></span></strong> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">از نقاط قوت برنامه دکتری در ایران می&shy;توان به</span></span><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">منطبق بودن ارزش&shy;ها و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">باورهای برنامه بر اساس نظام ارزش&shy;های اسلامی و کسب شایستگی&shy;هایی مانند تفکر نقادانه، استدلال بالینی، حل مسئله، تصمیم‌گیری مبتنی بر شواهد و ثبت گزارش تحلیلی اشاره نمود و بالینی محور نبودن و تأکید صرف بر تئوری و خصوصاً پژوهش از نقاط ضعف آن می&shy;باشد. لذا،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">بر اساس</span></span><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> تجارب</span></span> <span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">کشورهای پیشرفته و</span></span><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> نیازهای جامعه ایرانی، نقاط ضعف را اصلاح و نقاط قوت را تقویت کنیم</span></span><span style="font-family:b nazanin;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;"> .</span></span><br> &nbsp; <div> <div id="ftn2"><span style="font-family:arial,sans-serif;"></span></div> </div> <strong>Introduction:</strong> In order to adapt to a rapidly changing health care system, it is necessary to prepare the content of a High-quality nursing program. Comparing different educational systems is one of the evaluation methods that improves the content and quality of the curriculum. The aim of this study was to compare comparative nursing education in Iran and Alberta and provide practical suggestions for improving its quality.<br> <strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> This descriptive-comparative study was carried out in 2018. The four-stage Beredy model of description, interpretation, neighborhood and comparison was used to compare the Iranian nursing education system the Canadian Alberta Nursing Faculty at Ph.D. Data were collected by searching the internet with using of databases Persian and English. Then, the data were categorized and compared according to the purpose of the research.<br> <strong>Results:</strong> The program of both universities is based on the principles of strategic planning with mission, vision and values. At Alberta University, the appropriate link between the lesson plan and the needs and problems of the community. The curriculum of the Iranian Nursing Doctor in parts such as the profile and structure of the course coincide with the syllabus of the doctoral program of nursing University of Alberta. Also, the comparison showed that applications for admission to the University of Alberta apply for individuals with a postgraduate degree in nursing and a degree in research statistics and for non-Canadian language proficiency and clinical records for Ph.D. But in Iran, student admission is subject to a master&#39;s degree.<br> <strong>Discussion and Conclusion:</strong> One of the strengths of the Ph.D. program in Iran can be the alignment of the values and beliefs of the program based on the Islamic values system and gaining competencies such as critical thinking, clinical argumentation, problem solving, evidence-based decision making, and the recording of an analytical report. Clinical the lack of focus and emphasis on theory and especially research are its weaknesses. Therefore, based on the experiences of the advanced countries and the needs of the Iranian community, we need to correct the weaknesses and strengthen the strengths.<br> &nbsp; <div> <div id="ftn2"><br> &nbsp;</div> </div> مطالعه تطبیقی, برنامه درسی, دکتری پرستاری, مدل بردی, کانادا (آلبرتا), ایران. Canada (Alberta), Comparative Study, Curriculum, Iran, Nursing, Bereday’s Model. 69 78 http://mcs.ajaums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-212-2&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Mohsen Adib Hajbaghery محسن ادیب حاج باقری adib1344@yahoo.com 100319475328460010461 100319475328460010461 Yes Trauma Nursing Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی پرستاری. دانشکده پرستاری مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کاشان، کاشان، ایران. Zohreh Nabizadeh-Gharghozar زهره نبی زاده قرقوزار nabizadehfaezeh85@yahoo.com 100319475328460010462 100319475328460010462 No Ph.D., Professor, Trauma Nursing Research Center, Faculty of Nursing, Kashan University of Medical Sciences. کتری تخصصی پرستاری، استاد، مرکزتحقیقات پرستاری تروما دانشکده پرستاری مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کاشان، کاشان، ایران (*نویسنده مسول). Shahnaz Bolandianbafghi شهناز بلندیان بافقی sh.bolandian@yahoo.com 100319475328460010463 100319475328460010463 No Ph.D., Student, Trauma Nursing Research Center, Faculty of Nursing, Kashan University of Medical Sciences. دانشکده پرستاری، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات بهداشتی درمانی کاشان، مرکز تحقیقات پرستاری تروما. کاشان، ایران